System for preventing unauthorized trailer uncoupling

ABSTRACT

A method and apparatus for detecting uncoupling of a trailer outside a planned uncoupling area. A global positioning system determines the location of the trailer. A vehicle computer coupled to the global positioning system is used to determine whether the trailer has been uncoupled outside a planned uncoupling area.

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus formonitoring unauthorized usage of a vehicle and, more particularly, thepresent invention relates to a method and apparatus that detectsconditions of a driver and a vehicle that indicate operation of thevehicle is unauthorized and provide a response to the detectedconditions.

BACKGROUND ART

[0002] Unintended usages of a vehicle, such as a tractor trailer,include driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol, driving of avehicle when fatigued, driving of a stolen vehicle, deviating from aplanned route, driving a vehicle into a restricted area, uncoupling atrailer at an unplanned location, and driving a vehicle in need ofmaintenance.

[0003] Driving of a vehicle by an impaired operator greatly increasesthe chance that the vehicle will be involved in an accident. FederalMotor Carrier Safety Standard #49 C.F.R. 392.3 requires fatigue impaireddrivers to stop. According to the National Highway Traffic SafetyAdministration (NHTSA), one out of eight traffic fatalities in 1998resulted from a collision with a large truck. Alcohol related fatalitiesaccounted for 38% of all traffic fatalities in 1998. According to theCommercial Car Journal (CCJ) survey, 55% of drivers violate hours ofservice (HOS) rules by driving more than 10 hours without an 8 hourbreak. Stolen tractors and/or trailers cost fleet owners a large sum ofmoney per occurrence. Vehicles may become unsafe when they are notproperly maintained.

[0004] Prior art disclosures have dealt with monitoring vehicle drivers.Examples include detecting a drowsy driver by monitoring eyelid movementof the driver, detecting drowsiness by sensing meandering of a vehiclein a lane of a road, monitoring heart rate and skin vibrations to detectthe mental condition of the driver, testing a drivers alertness byrequiring the driver to move a turn signal lever in a sequence ofrequested directions, detecting intoxication by monitoring a driver'siris, monitoring acceleration and deceleration and steeringirregularities to determine a drivers fitness.

[0005] Prior art disclosures have dealt with tampering with a trailer.It is known in the prior art to sense penetration into a trailer. Acamera and sound recorder is used during theft. One prior art theftprevention system monitors doors and alerts a central control.

[0006] It is known in the prior art to track travel of a long haul truckwithin an acceptable rectangular zone and report exceptions to a centralcontrol or generate an exception report.

[0007] What is needed is an interactive monitoring system that detectsconditions that indicate unauthorized vehicle usage and provides for aresponse to the detected conditions that assures that the usage is notunauthorized or shuts the vehicle down.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

[0008] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus formonitoring unauthorized usage of a vehicle. One embodiment of the methodof monitoring unauthorized usage of a vehicle concerns testing thecompetency of a driver to operate a motorized vehicle. A randomlygenerated number is displayed in the vehicle for a given period of time.A user interface is provided in the vehicle for the driver to enterdigits that correspond to the randomly generated number. The systemdetermines whether the driver has entered the digits that correspond therandomly generated number in a proper sequence within a given period oftime. In the exemplary embodiment, a vehicle computer is used togenerate the randomly generated number. The user interface is connectedto the vehicle computer. A display is coupled to the computer fordisplaying the randomly generated number. The computer is programmed todetermine whether the driver has entered digits that correspond to therandomly generated number in a proper sequence.

[0009] In one embodiment of the method of testing the competency of adriver to operate a motorized vehicle, a forward sequence notation or areverse sequence notation is displayed. The forward or reverse sequencenotation provides an indication to the driver to enter the digits in oneof a forward sequence or a reverse sequence. The proper sequencecorresponds to the displayed sequence notation. A driver reaction timemay be logged when it is determined that the driver has entered digitsthat correspond to the randomly generated number in the proper sequencewithin the given period of time. The driver is retested after a givenperiod of time. The driver may be required to enter a driveridentification code before the randomly generated number is displayed. Anew driver is tested when the driver enters a driver identificationcode. At least one of the driver reaction time and an ability to enterthe digits that correspond to the randomly generated number are loggedwhen the driver fails to enter digits that correspond to the randomlygenerated number in the proper sequence within the given period of time.A central control is notified when the driver has failed to enter thedigits that correspond to the randomly generated number in the propersequence within a given period of time. The vehicle may be disabled whenthe driver fails to enter digits that correspond to the randomlygenerated number in the proper sequence within the given period of time.

[0010] In one embodiment, a vehicle is disabled when a potential theftoccurs. The system determines that a driver is not authorized to operatethe vehicle. The system also determines that the vehicle has deviatedfrom a planned route. The vehicle is disabled when it is determined thatthe driver is not authorized to operate the vehicle and has deviatedfrom the planned route.

[0011] Variations of the method of disabling a vehicle when a potentialtheft occurs include tracking the location of the vehicle and notifyinga central control location when it is determined that the driver is notauthorized to operate the vehicle and it is determined that the vehiclehas deviated from the planned route. In the method, the driver may berequested to enter an authorized driver code and route code within agiven period of time. The system will determine whether an authorizeddriver code has been entered by the driver. The vehicle will be disabledif an authorized driver code is not entered by the driver.

[0012] In one embodiment, a vehicle computer and a global positioningsystem are used to determine that the driver is not authorized tooperate the vehicle and the vehicle has deviated from the planned route.The vehicle computer has an interface that allows the driver to enter adriver authorization code. The computer is programmed to determinewhether the driver is authorized to operate the vehicle. The globalpositioning system is coupled to the computer for determining that thevehicle has deviated from the planned route. The computer is programmedto disable the vehicle when the driver is not authorized and the vehiclehas deviated from the planned route.

[0013] In one embodiment, a vehicle is disabled when a predeterminednumber of service hours is exceeded. The system determines whether anallowable number of service hours has been exceeded by a driver. Acentral control is notified when the allowable number of vehicle servicehours has been exceeded by the driver. The system determines whether thecentral control provided authorization to exceed the allowable number ofservice hours. The driver is notified that the vehicle will be disabledwithin a given period of time when authorization to exceed the allowablenumber of vehicle service hours is not granted. The vehicle is thendisabled.

[0014] In variations of the method for disabling a vehicle when apredetermined number of service hours is exceeded includes reactivatingthe vehicle by entering a valid drivers code. The driver code may berevalidated after a defined rest period has lapsed.

[0015] In one embodiment, a vehicle computer and a communication systemare used to disable a vehicle when a predetermined number of servicehours is exceeded. The vehicle computer is programmed to determinewhether an allowable number of service hours has been exceeded by thedriver. The communication system is coupled to the computer fornotifying the central control when the allowable number of service hourshas been exceeded. The communication system is configured to receiveauthorization from the central control to exceed the allowable number ofservice hours and to notify the driver that the vehicle would bedisabled within the given period of time when authorization to exceedthe number of allowable vehicle service hours is not granted. Thecomputer is programmed to disable a vehicle when authorization to exceedthe allowable number of vehicle service hours is not granted by thecentral control.

[0016] In one embodiment, a route traveled by a vehicle is controlled.An authorized route is defined with an acceptable deviation radius. Whenit is determined that a location of the vehicle is outside theacceptable deviation radius, the vehicle is shut down. A computer andglobal positioning system may be used to control the route traveled bythe vehicle. The computer is programmed to define the authorized routewith the authorized acceptable deviation radius. The global positioningsystem is coupled to the computer for determining location of thevehicle. The computer is programmed to determine whether the location ofthe vehicle is outside the acceptable radius. The computer shuts downthe vehicle if the vehicle is outside the acceptable deviation radiusfor a predetermined period of time.

[0017] In variations of the method for controlling a route traveled bythe vehicle, the driver and a central controller is notified that thevehicle has deviated from the authorized route. An interface between thedriver and the central control is provided that allows the driver torequest authorization to deviate from the authorized route. The systemdetermines whether authorization from the central control to deviatefrom the authorized route is granted. The vehicle is allowed to deviatefrom the authorized route when authorization to deviate from theauthorized route is granted by the central control. The vehicle is shutdown if the vehicle fails to enter the acceptable deviation radius orobtain authorization to deviate from the authorized route from thecentral control. Emergency start instructions may be displayed when thevehicle is shut down. Control information may be displayed that allowsemergency personnel to obtain a valid driver code and temporary routedeviation code.

[0018] In one embodiment, a route traveled by the vehicle is controlled.A perimeter is defined around a restricted area. When it is determinedthat a location of the vehicle is inside the perimeter around therestricted area, the vehicle is shut down. The computer and a globalpositioning system may be used to define the perimeter around arestricted area and determine whether the location of the vehicle isinside the perimeter. The computer is programmed to define a perimeteraround the restricted area. The global positioning system is coupled tothe computer for determining the location of the vehicle. The computeris programmed to determine whether a location of the vehicle is insidethe perimeter. The computer shuts the vehicle down if the vehicle isinside the perimeter.

[0019] In variations of the method for controlling a route traveled by avehicle the driver, a central controller, and a restricted area site arenotified that the vehicle is in the perimeter around the restrictedarea. The system determines whether authorization from the restrictedareas site to enter the perimeter of a restricted area is granted. Thevehicle is allowed to enter the perimeter of a restricted area whenauthorization to enter the perimeter is granted. The vehicle is shutdown if the vehicle fails to leave the perimeter or obtain authorizationto enter the perimeter from the restricted area site. Law enforcementofficials may be notified that the perimeter has been breached. Thevehicle may be reactivated by entering a valid drivers code and thetemporary route deviation code. Emergency start instructions may bedisplayed when the vehicle is shut down. Contact information may bedisplayed that allows emergency personnel to obtain a valid driver codeand a temporary route deviation code that allows the vehicle to bemoved.

[0020] In one embodiment, uncoupling of a vehicle trailer is monitored.A planned trailer uncoupling area is defined. When it is determined thatthe trailer has been uncoupled outside the planned uncoupling area, thesystem determines the location of the vehicle with a global positioningsystem. Uncoupling of the vehicle trailer may be monitored using anonboard vehicle computer and a global positioning system. The vehiclecomputer is programmed to define a planned trailer uncoupling area. Theglobal positioning system is coupled to the computer for determining thelocation of the trailer. The computer is programmed to determine thatthe trailer has been uncoupled outside the planned uncoupling area.

[0021] In variations of the method for monitoring a vehicle trailer, atrailer battery backup is activated. The doors of the trailer areautomatically locked. The fifth wheel of the vehicle is automaticallylocked. Spring brakes of the trailer are automatically applied. Thetires may be automatically deflated. The trailer battery backup, thedoors of the trailer, the fifth wheel of the vehicle, tire inflationand/or deflation and the spring brakes of the trailer may be controlledby the on board vehicle computer.

[0022] In one embodiment, a location of the vehicle is monitored whenthe main electrical power that is supplied to an onboard vehiclecomputer is removed. The system determines a main electrical powersupply is not available to the vehicle onboard computer. A batterybackup is activated to power the vehicle onboard computer. The systemdetermines the location of the vehicle using a global positioningsystem. The location of the vehicle is transmitted to a central control.An onboard vehicle computer, a backup battery, a global positioningsystem and a communication system may be used to monitor the vehiclelocation when electrical power supplied to the onboard vehicle computeris removed. The onboard vehicle computer is programmed to determine thatthe main electrical power supply is not available to the vehicle onboardcomputer. The backup battery is coupled to the onboard computer. Thecomputer is programmed to activate the battery backup when the mainelectrical power supply is not available to the computer. The globalpositioning system is coupled to the computer for determining thelocation of the vehicle. The communication system is coupled to thecomputer for transmitting the location of the vehicle to a centralcontrol.

[0023] In one embodiment, vehicle maintenance is scheduled. Vehiclemileage is compared to a predetermined mileage required for maintenance.A number of hours a vehicle operation is compared to a predeterminednumber of hours of vehicle operation. An indication that maintenance isrequired is provided when the vehicle mileage exceeds the predeterminedmileage or when the number of hours of vehicle operation exceeds thepredetermined number of hours of vehicle operation. The systemidentifies the location of the vehicle and provides directions to amaintenance facility that is near the vehicle. An onboard vehiclecomputer and display may be used to schedule vehicle maintenance. Theonboard vehicle computer is programmed to compare the vehicle mileage tothe predetermined mileage required for maintenance and to compare thenumber of hours of vehicle operation to a predetermined number of hoursof vehicle operation. The display is coupled to the computer forproviding an indication that maintenance is required while vehiclemileage exceeds the predetermined mileage or when the number of hours ofvehicle operation exceeds the predetermined number of hours of vehicleoperation. The global positioning system is coupled to the computer foridentifying the location of the vehicle. The computer is programmed toprovide directions to the maintenance facility that is near the vehicle.

[0024] In one embodiment of the method for scheduling vehiclemaintenance, service is scheduled automatically at a maintenancefacility for the vehicle. The vehicle computer may be programmed toautomatically schedule the service at the maintenance facility.

[0025] Additional features of the invention will become apparent and afuller understanding obtained by reading the following detaileddescription in connection with the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026]FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a system for monitoringunauthorized usage from a vehicle;

[0027]FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of hardware included on avehicle used in the system for monitoring unauthorized usage;

[0028]FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing communication between an onboardcomputer, a driver, a tractor and trailer, a central control and arestricted area;

[0029]FIG. 4 is a side elevational view of a tractor;

[0030]FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a trailer in communicationwith a vehicle computer;

[0031]FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing steps performed by a system formonitoring unauthorized vehicle usage (UVU);

[0032]FIG. 7 is a flow chart depicting a system for determining drivercompetency;

[0033]FIG. 8 is a flow chart depicting a system for determining driverauthorization and checking hours of service;

[0034]FIG. 9 is a flow chart that illustrates operation of a system formonitoring deviations from a planned route;

[0035]FIG. 10 is a flow chart illustrating a system for monitoringunplanned trailer uncoupling;

[0036]FIG. 11 is a flow chart depicting a system for monitoringunplanned loss of main electrical power to a vehicle onboard computer;and, FIG. 12 is a flow chart illustrating a system for schedulingmaintenance.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0037] The following disclosure concerns a system 10 that detectsvarious conditions of a vehicle 12 and a driver 14 or operator thatindicate that the vehicle is being used in an unauthorized manner andresponding to the detected conditions.

[0038] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the illustrated vehicle 12 is atractor trailer 16 a, 16 b. It should be readily apparent that thesystem could be used with any type of vehicle, such as an automobile. Inthe illustrated embodiment, the tractor 16 a is equipped with an onboardcomputer 18, a display 20 coupled to the onboard computer 18 and a userinterface 22 coupled to the onboard computer 18. The display 20 islocated in the vehicle dash in the exemplary embodiment. The displaydisplays messages from the onboard computer 18. The display 20 is alsoused for communication with central control personnel. In theillustrated embodiment, a digital camera 19 is coupled to the computer18. The digital camera is mounted inside the vehicle and is positionedto take a picture of the driver 14. The camera is mounted on the vehicledash or the driver's side “A” pillar facing the person in the driver'sseat.

[0039] Referring to FIG. 2, a global positioning system antenna 24 and asatellite communications unit 26 are coupled to the computer 18. Thecomputer 18 is used to monitor driver identification, hours behind thewheel, travel distance, driver reaction time and state of alertness,global positioning system information, such as location, time and date,speed, direction and distance traveled, trailer coupling status, mainpower supply to the unauthorized vehicle usage system (UVU) 10 andvehicle maintenance data and status relative to planned vehiclemaintenance and status.

[0040] Referring to FIG. 1, the system 10 monitors driver identificationand driver competency using the user interface 22. The system 10communicates with a central control 28 and a restricted area site 30 andreceives information from a global positioning satellite 32 to detectconditions that indicate that the vehicle 12 is being used in anunauthorized fashion.

[0041] Referring to FIG. 5, in one embodiment the trailer 16 b includesa separate onboard computer 34, a global positioning system antenna 36and a satellite communications unit 38.

[0042]FIG. 3 shows the communication between the on-board computer, thedriver, the tractor & trailer, central control, and restricted areas.The computer 18 is linked to the satellite communications unit 26 whichallows satellite and transceiver communication and receipt of disablingcommands from the control center 28 or restricted area 30. The satellitecommunications unit 26 of the tractor 16 a and the satellitecommunications unit 38 of the trailer 16 b allow two way communicationbetween the tractor 16 a and the trailer 16 b. A sensor 40 is includedon a trailer door 42 that is monitored by the onboard computer 18 or 34to determine whether the trailer door 42 is open or closed. The onboardcomputer 18 monitors whether the trailer electrical connection 43 isopen or closed. The onboard computer 18 controls inflation and deflationof tires 44 of the tractor trailer 16 a, 16 b. The onboard computer 18monitors engine and vehicle data, driver input data and vehicle mileage.The onboard computer 18 activates tractor disabling commands, such asfuel shut-off, ignition disabling and flashing lights, etc.

[0043]FIG. 6 is a flow chart that lists tests performed by the system 10that detect conditions that indicate the vehicle is being used in anunauthorized manner or by an unauthorized person. Although FIG. 6illustrates six tests that are performed by the illustrated system 10 todetect conditions that indicate unauthorized vehicle usage, it should bereadily apparent to those skilled in the art that each of the testslisted on FIG. 6 can be used separately to detect conditions that areindicative of unauthorized vehicle use. In the illustrated embodiment,the system 10 includes a driver competency test 46 and unauthorizeddriver and hours of service check 48, a deviation from planned routecheck 50, an unplanned trailer uncoupling routine 52, an unplanned lossof main electrical power to the unauthorized vehicle use onboardcomputer check 54 and a daily reporting and preventative maintenancescheduling check 56.

[0044]FIG. 7 illustrates the driver competency test 46. In theillustrated embodiment, the driver is prompted to enter a driveridentification code at 58. A randomly generated number is flashed on thedisplay 20 at 60. In one embodiment, the randomly generated number is afour digit number that is flashed on the driver's display screen 20 forfour seconds. In one embodiment, a sequence notation, such as a forwardor reverse sequence notation, is displayed with the randomly generatednumber. It should be readily apparent that the number of digits of thenumber could be a number other than four.

[0045] In the illustrated embodiment, a sequence direction notation isalso shown on the display 20. For example, a forward indicator requiresthe driver to enter the number as flashed on the display. A reverseindicator requires that the driver enter the same number, but byentering the digits of the number in reverse order. For example, if 4935were shown on the driver's display 20, along with a “forward” indicator,the driver would be expected to enter 4935. If the number 4935 whereshown on the driver's display along with “reverse,” the driver would beexpected to enter 5394. In the exemplary embodiment, the number of testdigits can be increased at the option of the vehicle owner. The onboardcomputer 18 randomly selects the entry sequence required, “forward” or“reverse” in the illustrated embodiment. The onboard computer 18determines whether the number entered by the driver is the correctnumber entered in the proper sequence within a given time at 62. FIG. 7illustrates that the given time to enter the number in the propersequence is within 8 seconds. However, any times listed on the flowcharts are for illustrative purposes only and any time for entering thenumber in the proper sequence can be selected.

[0046] If the number is entered in the proper sequence within the givenperiod of time, the onboard computer 18 logs the driver reaction time,date and time of the driver competency check for each attempt at 64. Inthe illustrated embodiment, a retest is delayed for a few hours, aspecific time of the day or until a new driver code is entered 66.

[0047] If the driver failed to enter the displayed number in a propersequence within the given period of time, the onboard computer 18determines whether the driver had failed the test more than twice withinthe given period of time at 68, such as 15 minutes in one embodiment. Ifthe driver failed the test less than three times, the driver is testedagain. If the driver failed the test more than twice within a givenperiod of time, the driver reaction time and inability to enter theproper number in the proper sequence is logged and central control isnotified of the situation at 70. In the illustrated embodiment, theonboard computer 18 may be programmed to optionally disable the vehiclefor one hour or until either central control provides an override codeor a new driver code is entered.

[0048] In the exemplary embodiment, when the driver fails the test morethan twice within the given period of time, fifteen minutes in theillustrated embodiment, the system logs and transmit to central control28 a real time photo of the driver, the reaction time and the inabilityto enter the proper number for each attempt at 70.

[0049] In the exemplary embodiment, the driver competency test 46 isrequired under the following conditions:

[0050] 1. Initial vehicle start-up;

[0051] 2. After a predetermined period of time within a normally allowedhours of services. This time may be the function of the planned routeand timing. Generally, the predetermined time would be after midwaythrough the normal hours of service. However, the driver could be giventhe flexibility to perform the retest any time during the second half ofhis allowable hours of service, allowing the driver to perform the testat a more convenient stopping point for food or fuel.

[0052] 3. Each hour beyond the normally allowed hours of service.

[0053] In the exemplary embodiment, the driver's reaction time is keptin a history file. In the illustrated embodiment, the user interface 22is used to enter the digits of the displayed number. In the illustratedembodiment, the user interface is a keyboard. The user interface mayalso be a keypad or the stalk of an electronic communications unit. Suchas the stalk disclosed in provisional patent application Serial No.60/332,865, entitled “INTEGRATED VEHICLE COMMUNICATIONS DISPLAY,” filedon Nov. 6, 2001, that is incorporated herein by reference in itsentirety. The random number may include numeric, alphanumeric oralphabetic symbols. The display 20 may display the words “forward” or“reverse” or the letters “F” or “R” or arrow signals “→” or “←” toindicate that a forward sequence or a reverse sequence is required. Fora higher degree of difficulty, the test display can show forward minussome value or reverse minus some value or forward or reverse plus somevalue. For example, F−1 or R+2.

[0054] The degree of difficulty can be tailored to the load beingcarried. General loads would use the first level of the test. Driver'shauling flammable liquids, hazardous or high value material would berequired to pass the test using the higher or second level ofdifficulty. The test measures alertness, the ability to concentrate andreaction time. The degree of difficulty of the test can be raised byadding digits.

[0055] Examples of two possible levels of difficulty for the testfollow: Degree of Requested Displayed Proper Difficulty Sequence RequestResponse NORMAL F  5894  5894 F − 1  6231  6230 R  7684  4867 F AXZ2AXZ2 R W5BC CB5W HIGHER R − 2  6527  7254 F + 2 66251 66253 R 546W77W645

[0056] The computer 18 records the result of the test and gives awarning when the test is failed, but does not necessarily impede theability to start or operate the vehicle. The driver competency test 46can be overwridden in case of an emergency. However, overriding the testwill be recorded as an intentional override for a given driver and willbe provided in the driver history for the fleet manager. Recordedresults of the driver competency test 46 can be used to counsel thedriver, for real time intervention by the fleet manager and may passliability from the fleet to the driver in case of an accident. Thedriver competency test 46 assesses driver fatigue and substance abuse.

[0057] In one embodiment, if the driver fails the test and ignition isrestricted based upon the failure of the driver competency test 46, anemergency override button can be depressed by the driver for overridingthe first negative evaluation and for starting the engine duringemergency conditions. However, the override action would be noted forthe specific driver, along with the date, time and odometer reading ofthe tractor 16 a. The fleet manager may restrict the driving time ordistance for an emergency override. This would allow emergency movementof the vehicle, but would require a satisfactory test to continue beyonda certain time or distance.

[0058] The specific reaction time can be preset or left up to the fleetmanager's judgement. The fleet manager can set the system to require aretest randomly or at set intervals like every six to twelve hours. Ifthe driver sees a request for retest on the display 20, the drivershould pull over within a set period of time to perform the test onlyafter the vehicle is safely parked. The driver competency test 46 givesthe driver a warning if reaction times are not acceptable and that thedriver should consider pulling off the road until the driver is able toexhibit proper reaction times. Acceptable reaction times for the testcan be reduced as the driver gains experience.

[0059] When a driver uses the emergency override feature, ignores thecomputer request for retest or continues to drive with known poorreaction time, a signal is sent via satellite or cell phone to the fleetmanager giving real time notification of a potentially impaired driveroperating the vehicle and its location in the exemplary embodiment. Thedriver competency test 46 can automatically, or upon the demand of thefleet manager disable the cruise control feature of the tractor 16 a.

[0060]FIG. 8 is a schematic showing the unauthorized driver and hours ofservice check 48. The unauthorized driver and hours of service check 48detects violations of federal hours of service requirements,unauthorized usage and route deviation and has the ability to locate astolen vehicle. The driver is prompted to enter an authorized drivercode and route code 72. In the exemplary embodiment, the vehicle 12 doesnot run longer than a predetermined amount of time, such as fiveminutes, if an authorized driver code and route code are not entered. Inthe exemplary embodiment, a one time grace period is available foremergency purposes to move the vehicle away from a hazardous condition,like sitting on railroad tracks. The vehicle owner can vary the timesshown on FIG. 8.

[0061] The onboard computer 18 determines whether the driver isauthorized 74. If the driver is not authorized, the onboard computer 18determines whether the tractor trailer 16 a, 16 b has deviated from theauthorized route 76. The onboard computer 18 determines that the tractortrailer 16 a, 16 b has deviated from the authorized route by comparingthe position of the tractor trailer 16 a, 16 b provided to the onboardcomputer 18 by the global positioning system 24 to the route programmedinto the onboard computer 18 as a result of entering a route code. Thecombination of an unauthorized driver and deviation from the authorizedroute provides an indication that the tractor trailer 16 a, 16 b hasbeen stolen or highjacked. The driver is notified to pull over as thevehicle will be disabled within a given period of time, within fiveminutes in the illustrated embodiment and the controller 28 is notifiedat 78.

[0062] Vehicle shut down begins after the given period of time haselapsed at 80. Central control is notified of the vehicle's location.The vehicle can be reactivated by entering a valid driver code.

[0063] When the onboard computer 18 determines that the driver is notauthorized, but the tractor trailer 16 a, 16 b has not deviated from theauthorized route, the system 10 asks the driver to enter an authorizeddriver code or voluntarily shut down the vehicle within a given periodof time 82. The central control 28 is notified that the driver is notauthorized by a message that it sent from the vehicle 12 through thesatellite communications unit 26 in the exemplary embodiment. After thegiven period of time, ten minutes in one embodiment, has elapsed, theonboard computer 18 determines whether an authorized driver code wasentered at 84. If the computer 18 determines that an authorized drivercode was not entered the driver is notified to pull over as the vehiclewill be disabled with a given period of time 78, five minutes in theillustrated embodiment. The central control 28 is notified that thedriver is not authorized and in the illustrated embodiment a photo ofthe driver is transmitted to central control. Vehicle shut down beginsafter the predetermined time. Central control 28 is notified of thevehicle location. The vehicle will be reactivated by entering a validdriver code 80.

[0064] When the computer 18 determines that the driver is authorized at74 or that an authorized driver code was entered at 84 the computer 18determines whether a maximum allowable number of hours has been exceeded86. If the maximum number of allowable hours has not been exceeded, theunauthorized driver and hours of service check is repeated after a givenperiod of time, one hour in the illustrated embodiment. If thepredetermined maximum number of hours allowed is exceeded, the driver isnotified to pull off the road for a rest period as hours have beenexceeded 88. The computer 18 determines whether the driver shut down thevehicle within a predefined time, thirty minutes in one embodiment orwhether a new driver took over 90. The computer determines whether thevehicle shut down by monitoring the vehicle. The computer determineswhether a new driver took over by determining whether a new driver codewas entered.

[0065] If the vehicle was shut down within a predefined time, thirtyminutes in the illustrated embodiment, or a new driver took over, theunauthorized driver and hours of service check 48 is periodicallyrepeated every one hour in the illustrated embodiment.

[0066] If the driver did not shut the vehicle down within thirty minutesand a new driver did not take over, the onboard computer 18 causes thesatellite communications unit 26 to notify central control that thedriver has exceeded the maximum number of allowable hours 92. In theexemplary embodiment, central control 28 may give the driverauthorization to exceed allowable hours by one hour. The onboardcomputer 18 monitors the satellite communications unit 26 to determinewhether central control gave the driver a revised authorization code toexceed allowable hours. The onboard computer 18 determines whethercentral control issued and the driver entered the revised authorizationcode to exceed the allowable hours by one hour at or a new driver tookover at 94.

[0067] If central control gave the driver an authorization code that wasentered by the driver to exceed allowable hours by one hour, theunauthorized driver and hours of service check is performed again at apredefined time, one hour in the illustrated embodiment. If centralcontrol did not give a revised authorization code to exceed allowablehours or the driver did not enter the revised authorization code toexceed allowable hours by one hour, the driver is notified to pull overas the vehicle will be disabled after a predefined time has elapsed at96, thirty minutes in one embodiment. Vehicle shut down begins after thepredefined time, thirty minutes in the exemplary embodiment has lapse98. Central control 28 is notified of the vehicle's location. Thevehicle can be reactivated by entering a valid driver code. The priordrivers code will be valid again after the defined rest period haslapsed. In the illustrated embodiment, the system 10 notifies centralcontrol and logs and transmits a real time photo of the driver when theunauthorized driver and hours of service check 48 determines that thedriver is not authorized.

[0068] Allowable hours of service can be entered into the onboardcomputer 18 that can keep track of each identified authorized driver totrack the number of hours the driver operates the vehicle. Using aninternal clock or time obtained from a global positioning system theonboard computer 18 can also determine when enough time has elapsed toconsider the driver to have had enough time to rest and resume driving.

[0069] The vehicle owner can predetermine the degree to which thevehicle is disabled or shut down. The disabling or shut down can includeactivation of a fifth wheel or trailer door locks.

[0070] Vehicle operation without proper driver identification isconsidered to be unauthorized use of a vehicle. Prolonged use of thevehicle by an apparently known driver who fails to take or pass thecompetency test 46 results in a message being sent via cell phone, radioor satellite transmission to the fleet manager. Global positioningsystem data will be sent to the fleet manager alerting the fleet managerof the vehicle's location. In the illustrated embodiment, manual entryof the driver identification is employed since keys and bar codes couldbe inadvertently left in the vehicle. Manual entry of the driveridentification number may also form part of the driver competency test46.

[0071] After a limited number of attempts are made to enter the driveridentification number the system will lock down and notify the fleetmanager of the vehicle's location.

[0072] An active intervention option is available to the fleet managerto restrict vehicle performance remotely, to encourage the unauthorizeddriver to pull off the road, or the fleet manager could pass along thevehicle description and its location to law enforcement personnel 9.

[0073]FIG. 9 is a flow chart that illustrates the deviation from aplanned route check 50. The global positioning system 24 tracks thelocation of the vehicle 12 and provides the location of the vehicle 12to the onboard computer 18. The onboard computer 18 determines whetherthe vehicle has deviated from the authorized route in excess of apredetermined limit at 110. If the onboard computer 18 determines thatthe vehicle has not deviated from the authorized route, a predeterminedamount of time, five minutes in the illustrated embodiment, is allowedto elapse and the check 50 is performed again.

[0074] If the vehicle onboard computer 18 determines that the vehiclehas deviated from the authorized route in excess of company limits, thedriver is notified to return to the planned route, contact centralcontrol for route deviation authorization or prepare to shut down thevehicle at 112. In one embodiment, the driver is notified that thevehicle will be shutdown in 15 minutes. The system 10 contacts centralcontrol 28 to notify central control 28 that the tractor trailer 16 a,16 b has deviated from the authorized route.

[0075] The onboard computer 18 then checks to determine whether thevehicle has entered a restricted perimeter or is approaching arestricted perimeter at 114. In the illustrated embodiment, the vehicleonboard computer 18 determines that the vehicle 12 is in a restrictedperimeter when the distance between the vehicle global positioningsystem location and the restricted perimeter global positioning systemlocation is less than a predetermined distance X.

[0076] If the onboard computer 18 determines that the vehicle has notentered a restricted perimeter or is not approaching a restrictedperimeter, the onboard computer 18 determines whether the vehicle hasreturned to the planned route or obtained a route deviationauthorization code within a predetermined time at 116. In oneembodiment, the predetermined time is approximately 15 minutes. If thevehicle has returned to the planned route or obtained a route deviationauthorization code within the predetermined amount of time, thedeviation from planned route check 50 is repeated after a given periodof time elapses.

[0077] If the onboard computer 18 determines that the vehicle has notreturned to the planned route or obtained a route deviationauthorization code within a predetermined amount of time, the driver isnotified that failure to enter a deviation authorization code within apredetermined amount of time, five minutes in one embodiment, willresult in vehicle shut down at 118. The system 10 notifies centralcontrol of the vehicle location and impending shut down. The system 10logs and transmits a real time photo of the driver in the illustratedembodiment.

[0078] Vehicle shut down begins after the predetermined amount of timelapses at 120. The vehicle can be reactivated by entering a valid drivercode and temporary route deviation code. The display 20 shows a note onthe driver's screen with emergency instructions, a contact phone numberfor use by emergency or law enforcement personnel to obtain temporaryauthorization driver codes and route deviation codes at 122.

[0079] If the onboard computer 18 determines that the vehicle hasentered a restricted perimeter at 114 the driver is notified that anunauthorized perimeter has been breached and the vehicle will bedisabled within a given period of time, five minutes in the illustratedembodiment, if a proper authorization code is not entered 124. Thesystem instructs the driver to pull off the road or redirect thevehicle. The system notifies central control 28 of the vehicle locationand informs central control 28 that a breach of a restricted areaoccurred. The system 10 logs and transmits a real time photo of thedriver.

[0080] The onboard computer 18 monitors information from the globalpositioning system antenna 24 to determine the position of the vehicle12. The onboard computer 18 determines whether a route deviationauthorization code is entered within the given period of time, fiveminutes in one embodiment, or the vehicle has left the restrictedperimeter at 126. If the onboard computer 18 determines that a routedeviation authorization code is entered within the predetermined time orthe vehicle has left the restricted area, the onboard computer 18determines whether the vehicle has returned to the planned route orentered a route deviation authorization code at 116.

[0081] If the onboard computer 18 determines that a route deviationauthorization code was not entered within the prescribed period of time,or the vehicle has not left the restricted perimeter, the system 10begins vehicle shut down 128. In one embodiment, vehicle shut downbegins immediately. The system 10 notifies central control and lawenforcement officials 9 of the vehicle location and that the restrictedarea has been breached. The vehicle 12 can be reactivated by entering avalid driver code and temporary route deviation code. The system 10shows a note on the driver's screen with emergency instructions, acontact phone number for use by emergency or law enforcement personnelto obtain temporary authorized driver code and route deviation code 122.

[0082] In the exemplary embodiment, authorized vehicle routes aredefined by a central control similar to an aircraft flight plan andgiven a route code number for entry into the onboard computer 18. Thedriver may deviate from the authorized route within a defined toleranceradius established by central control or if the driver is given atemporary override code by central control. The onboard computer 18compares the vehicle's global positioning system location to theauthorized route to determine compliance.

[0083] Restricted areas are considered to be sensitive and should not beentered without specific authorization by the site itself. Examples ofpossible restricted sites are as follows:

[0084] 1. Nuclear facilities

[0085] 2. Military posts and/or National Guard Armories

[0086] 3. Water supplies

[0087] 4. Oil refineries

[0088] 5. Suspension bridges

[0089] 6. Tunnels

[0090] Specific global positioning system locations for each siteentered into the computer may be offset slightly to avoid providingspecific sensitive information about the site. The perimeter around eachsite can be given a unique radius by the system 10.

[0091] In one embodiment, the onboard computer 18 sends a radio messageto the restricted site notifying the restricted site of the approachingvehicle and the vehicle's identification. The restricted site may thensend a warning that the vehicle is not authorized. If an unauthorizedvehicle continues to approach the restricted site after the warning isgiven, the restricted site controller could then send a second radiosignal to disable the vehicle. In one embodiment, the default code couldbe to disable the vehicle unless the restricted site sends a positiveauthorization directed to a specific vehicle.

[0092]FIG. 10 is a flow chart that illustrates the unplanned traileruncoupling check 52. In the exemplary embodiment, the onboard computer18 monitors an electrical cable 130 that supplies power to the trailer16 b. In the exemplary embodiment the onboard computer 18 is programmedto define a planned trailer uncoupling location. The onboard computer 18determines whether the trailer electrical cable has been disconnected ata location outside the planned uncoupling location at 132. In theexemplary embodiment, the planned trailer uncoupling location includes apredefined radius around the selected location.

[0093] If the onboard computer 18 determines that the trailer electricalcable has not been disconnected at a location outside the planned globalpositioning system radius for trailer uncoupling, the routine ends andmay be repeated periodically.

[0094] If the onboard computer 18 determines that the trailer electricalcable has been disconnected at a location outside the planned traileruncoupling radius, the satellite communications unit 26 of the system 10transmits the vehicle location and fault condition to central control 28at 134. The system 10 notifies the driver that the trailer cable shouldbe reconnected and/or an override code should be entered. An optionaltrailer battery backup is activated and the satellite communicationsunit 38 of the trailer 16 b transmits the trailer 16 b identificationand location to the central control 28 if the location is different thanthe location of the tractor 16 a. In one embodiment, the onboardcomputer 18 of the trailer 16 b activates optional trailer door locks, afifth wheel 87 lock, deflates vehicle tires 89 and/or applies trailerspring brakes. In an alternate embodiment, the onboard computer 18remotely applies trailer door locks and/or applies trailer springbrakes.

[0095] In the illustrated embodiment, the system 10 retransmits thetractor 16 a and/or trailer 16 b location to central control 28 eachtime a predetermined amount of time elapses, only if the location of thetractor 16 a and/or trailer 16 b changes. In the illustrated embodiment,the camera 19 takes a picture of the driver and transmits it real timeif the vehicle is moving at 135. The onboard computer 18 continues tomonitor the electrical cable 130 that powers the trailer 16 b. Theonboard computer 18 determines whether the trailer cable has beenreconnected and an override code entered or the trailer 16 b has beenmoved to an authorized uncoupling location at 136. If the trailer cablehas been reconnected and an override code has been entered, or thetrailer 16 b has been moved to an authorized uncoupling location, theroutine ends or may be repeated after a predetermined amount of time. Ifthe trailer cable has not been reconnected, an override code has notbeen entered and the trailer has not been moved to an authorizeduncoupling location as detected by the global positioning system, thesystem 10 retransmits the vehicle and/or trailer location if thelocation has changed at 135.

[0096] The system on the trailer 16 b is similar to the system on thetractor 16 a. Improper disconnection of the electrical cable 130activates the system on the trailer 16 b.

[0097]FIG. 11 is a flow chart that illustrates the unplanned loss ofpower check 54 to the system onboard computer 18. The system 10 isequipped with a battery backup 100 in the illustrated embodiment forlimited satellite communications of global positioning system locationin case the main power is shut off prior to entry of properly authorizedmaintenance codes. A minimum number of daily transmissions of data wouldbe expected. Failure of the system to communicate with the centrallocation may provide an indication of vehicle tampering. An unplannedloss of main electrical power to the system onboard computer indicatespossible tampering. The system onboard computer is powered by thevehicle's main power supply 138. The battery backup powers the onboardcomputer 18 when the main electrical power supply becomes unavailable tothe onboard computer 18. The onboard computer 18 determines whether themain electrical power supply is available to the onboard computer 140.If the onboard computer 18 determines that the main electrical powersupply is available to the computer 18, the unplanned loss of powerroutine ends and may be repeated at given time intervals. If the onboardcomputer 18 determines the main electrical power supply is not availableto the onboard computer 18 the battery backup is activated at 142. Theonboard computer 18 causes the satellite communications unit 26 totransmit the global positioning system location, the vehicleidentification number and fault condition to central control 28. Thesystem 10 also requires that the driver enters a proper disarming codeor reestablishes main electrical power to the onboard computer 18 withina predetermined period of time, fifteen minutes in the illustratedembodiment, or the vehicle may be further disabled.

[0098] The onboard computer 18 determines whether the main electricalpower has been reestablished or proper disarming codes are enteredwithin the given time period at 144. If the main electrical power isreestablished within the given time or proper disarming codes areentered, the unplanned loss of power routine 54 ends and may start againafter a predetermined amount of time elapses. If the electrical power isnot reestablished and disarming codes are not entered within the givenperiod of time, the system 10 transmits the global positioning systemlocation, vehicle identification number, real time photo of the driverand fault condition to central control 28 if the vehicle locationchanges at 145. In the exemplary embodiment, this information istransmitted each time a predetermined amount of time elapses, fifteenminutes in one embodiment, until the vehicle stops moving.

[0099] In one embodiment, the vehicle owner may program a disablefeature that disables the vehicle if the power to the onboard computer18 is removed. When the disabling feature is programmed, the vehicle 12will be disabled at this point. The system 10 can be reset byreestablishing the system power or overridden by entering a disarmingcode.

[0100]FIG. 12 is a flow chart that illustrates the daily reporting andmaintenance check 56. In the illustrated embodiment, the onboardcomputer 18 compares vehicle mileage from that required for maintenance,identifies planned preventative maintenance requirements and identifiesmaintenance that fault codes indicate is required 148. The onboardcomputer 18 determines whether there are any fault codes or there is anyplanned maintenance that is required 149. If the onboard computer 18determines that there are no fault codes and no planned maintenance isrequired, the system 10 transmits vehicle fault and diagnostic codes,mileage, location, driver logged hours of service information,compliance to route and speed limits and the drivers decision regardingscheduling of maintenance required at 150. The daily report/maintenancecheck 56 waits twenty-four hours or for a specific time of day totransmit this information 152. The daily reporting and preventativemaintenance scheduling routine is repeated periodically.

[0101] If the onboard computer 18 determines that there are fault codesor planned maintenance is required, the system 10 causes the display 20to indicate that maintenance is required and/or there are fault codes154. The onboard computer 18 uses the global positioning system locationof the vehicle relative to the nearest authorized maintenance site andprovides the driver the option to view directions to the maintenancesite and the area in proximity with the maintenance site.

[0102] The system 10 then asks the driver if the driver wishes toschedule repairs or maintenance per the onboard computer recommendationat 156. If the driver answers “no” the system 10 transmits vehicle faultand diagnostic codes, mileage, location, driver log hours of serviceinformation, compliance to route and speed limits, and the driver'sdecision regarding scheduling of maintenance at 150. If the driverdecides to schedule repairs or maintenance per the onboard computerrecommendation, the onboard computer 18 will request confirmation ofscheduled maintenance at the selected maintenance facility at 158. Theonboard computer 18 notifies the driver whether or not maintenance hasbeen scheduled. The authorized maintenance site will update themaintenance status of the computer 18 after the work has been completed.The vehicle fault and diagnostic codes, mileage, location, driver loghours of service information, compliance to route and speed limits andthe driver's decision regarding scheduling of maintenance is transmittedto central control at 150.

[0103] The daily reporting and maintenance check allows the centralcontrol 28 to monitor the vehicle's maintenance status and the driver'sdecision regarding required maintenance.

[0104] In the exemplary embodiment, the extent to which the vehicle is“shut down” is controlled by the vehicle owner, within limits. The ownermay disable or reduce any of the computer controlled functionality ofthe vehicle to safely inhibit further unauthorized usage of the vehicle.For example, the vehicle owner may reduce the available fuel flow of thevehicle to limit the speed of the vehicle or limit the load a vehiclecan handle. A more drastic measure would be to completely shut off thefuel flow or deflate one or more of the vehicle's tires.

[0105] The following table provides examples of some of the conditionsdetected by the unauthorized usage system 10 and responses that may beprovided by the system. Information that can be logged with the systemusing the driver identification includes GPS information, vehicle speedand engine running time. The system can give an alert to the driver orfleet manager when a given driver is approaching or exceeding the safeamount of time on the road without proper rest. Non driving time can beseparated by the system using zero speeds or fixed global positioningsystem positions as defining factors. The system 10 detects driveridentification or lack thereof, reaction time or alertness test results,odometer reading and vehicle speed, real time clock and datainformation, date and time of the usage of the emergency overridefeature and time and distance driven in the emergency override mode,failure to pull over for retest, including mileage and time beyondreasonable request, global positioning system data for vehicle locationand vehicle identification number and description. The driver may beidentified by a bar code, a smart key or manual entry of the driveridentification number. ACTIVE RESPONSE CONDITION PASSIVE RESPONSEOPTIONS Unidentified driver 1. Report location and 1. Notify driver ofimpending condition to fleet manager shutdown. via cell phone orsatellite 2. Shutdown vehicle or alter communication. performancecharacteristics. 2. Request driver to identify 3. Ask authorities toself. intercept vehicle giving them 3. Continue vehicle tracking itsreal time location. -GPS. 4. Activate fifth wheel & trailer door locks.Driver fails alertness 1. Record occurrence in 1. Disable cruisecontrol. test or exceeds HOS driver's log for future review 2. Requestthat driver (hours of service) by fleet manager. voluntarily shut downthe limits 2. Notify fleet manager via vehicle. cell phone or satellite3. Shut down vehicle after communication. warning. Deviation fromplanned path 1. Report location & Shut down vehicle or notify conditionto fleet manager. authorities of vehicle location 2. Request drivercontact if driver is also unidentified. fleet manager. Unplanned 1.Using battery backup, 1. Notify fleet manager or loss of main begintransmission of authorities of possible vehicle electrical condition &GPS data. tampering. supply to 2. Request mechanic enter 2. Activatetrailer fifth unauthorized proper disarming code. wheel, cab door andtrailer vehicle usage door locks. system Daily Reporting Transmitlocation, vehicle Schedule mid trip maintenance status and drivermaintenance and notify driver log information. requirement and locationfor service. Unplanned 1. Request driver contact Activate trailer doordeadbolt trailer uncoupling fleet manager and/or entry of & springbrakes. Notify proper disarm code. authorities of last known 2. TransmitGPS data and trailer location & current condition. location of tractor.

[0106] Although the present invention has been described with a degreeof particularity, it is the intent that the invention include allmodifications and alterations falling with the spirit and scope of thefollowing claims.

I claim:
 1. A method of monitoring a vehicle trailer uncoupling,comprising: a) defining a planned trailer uncoupling area; b)determining that the trailer has been uncoupled outside said planneduncoupling area; and c) determining a location of the vehicle with aglobal positioning system.
 2. The method of claim 1 further comprisingtaking a picture of the driver when it is determined that the trailerhas been uncoupled outside the planned uncoupling area.
 3. The method ofclaim 1 further comprising periodically transmitting a location of atleast one of a tractor and the trailer only when it is determined thatone of said tractor and said trailer has moved.
 4. The method of claim 1further comprising activating a trailer battery backup.
 5. The method ofclaim 1 further comprising automatically locking doors of said trailer.6. The method of claim 1 further comprising automatically locking afifth wheel of said vehicle.
 7. The method of claim 1 further comprisingautomatically applying spring brakes of said trailer.
 8. The method ofclaim 1 further comprising automatically deflating a tire of saidvehicle.
 9. A method of monitoring a vehicle trailer uncoupling,comprising: a) defining a planned trailer uncoupling area; b)determining that the trailer has been uncoupled outside said planneduncoupling area; and c) automatically securing said trailer.
 10. Themethod of claim 9 wherein said automatically securing said trailercomprises automatically applying spring brakes of the trailer.
 11. Themethod of claim 9 wherein said automatically securing said trailercomprises automatically locking doors of the trailer.
 12. The method ofclaim 9 wherein said automatic securing comprises deflating a tire ofsaid trailer.
 13. An apparatus for monitoring a vehicle traileruncoupling, comprising: a) a vehicle computer programmed to define aplanned trailer uncoupling area; and b) a global positioning systemcoupled to said computer for determining a location of the trailer, saidcomputer being programmed to determine that the trailer has beenuncoupled outside said planned uncoupling area.
 14. The apparatus ofclaim 13 further comprising a camera coupled to said computer for takinga picture of the driver when it is determined that the trailer has beenuncoupled outside said planned uncoupling area.
 15. The apparatus ofclaim 13 further comprising a trailer battery backup controlled by saidcomputer for powering electronics on said trailer, said computer beingprogrammed to activate said battery backup when said trailer has beenuncoupled outside said planned uncoupling area.
 16. The apparatus ofclaim 13 further comprising door locks controlled by said computer onsaid trailer, said computer being programmed to activate said door lockswhen said trailer has been uncoupled outside said planned uncouplingarea.
 17. The apparatus of claim 13 further comprising a fifth wheel onsaid vehicle having a lock controlled by said computer, said computerbeing programmed to activate said lock on said fifth wheel when saidtrailer has been uncoupled outside said planned uncoupling area.
 18. Theapparatus of claim 13 further comprising spring brakes controlled bysaid computer on said trailer, said computer being programmed toactivate said spring brakes when said trailer has been uncoupled outsidesaid planned uncoupling area.
 19. The apparatus of claim 18 furthercomprising transmitting said picture to a central control.
 20. Anapparatus for monitoring a vehicle trailer uncoupling, comprising: a) avehicle computer programmed to define a planned trailer uncoupling area;and b) a global positioning system coupled to said computer fordetermining a location of the trailer, said computer being programmed todetermine that the trailer has been uncoupled outside said planneduncoupling area and programmed to automatically securing said trailerwhen said trailer has been uncoupled outside said planned uncouplingarea.
 21. The method of claim 20 wherein said automatically securingsaid trailer comprises automatically applying spring brakes of thetrailer.
 22. The method of claim 20 wherein said automatically securingsaid trailer comprises automatically locking doors of the trailer. 23.The method of claim 20 wherein said automatically securing said trailercomprises automatically deflating tires of said trailer.